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Some industrial and commercial buildings can reach heights of over 60 stories. Obviously, while these buildings are being constructed, they require equally tall cranes to move the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes that have their own vehicle connected or other types that are operated from the rear of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest ones offered on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures found as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being built, odds are a crane will be on site.
Kinds
There are two different kinds of cranes: boom crane or the jib crane. The jib is a metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries items. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds could range from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual sections. In order to increase the overall height of the machine, parts are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The crane driver works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to lift supplies, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor situated next to the control module. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are lifted.
The hydraulic truck crane is a particular mobile crane which utilizes hydraulic power to raise and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in constructing major projects like airports, bridges, buildings and streets. A crane can accomplish in minutes jobs which will normally take many hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
These remarkable equipments have played a vital role in constructing houses, cities, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were likely built with the help of basic cranes to allow the heaviest materials in one of the most amazing construction projects ever.
The very first representation of a crane was showcased during the reign of King Ramses in Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was used to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were used to create an entire country in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes began to change when dockyards started to require stronger and larger machinery. Hick & Rothwell designed the very first cast iron cranes in the year 1834, within Bolton, England. This equipment was capable of lifting up to 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
Eventually, the wire ropes were weaved together in order to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added benefit of flexibility. Germany started to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane made by Germany was made in Neuburg.
